Unit 2- Locating Things
| A. | ni ʔənəcə kʷθə nə pukʷ? | ‘Where is my book?’ | |
| B. | ʔi ʔi ʔə təʔí. | ‘Here it is.’ | |
| A. | ni ʔənəcə kʷθə nə šxʷtələʔélə | ‘Where is my purse?’ | |
| B. | siʔq ʔə tə šxʷc̓eʔənctən. | ‘Under the chair.’ | |
| ni ʔə təní tən̓ kəpú. | ‘Your coat is over there.’ | ||
| A. | hay čxʷ q̓aʔ. həyéwəł. | ‘Thank you. Goodbye.’ | |
| B. | hey̓ kʷə, siʔém̓. | ‘Goodbye.’ |
2.2 Vocabulary: clothing and personal effects.
| sʔit̓ᶿəm̓ | ‘clothing’, ‘dress’ | |
| yasaʔqʷ | ‘hat’ | |
| kəpú | ‘coat’ – from Chinook Jargon from French | |
| šxʷƛ̓piw̓ən̓ | ‘shirt’ | |
| sqiws | ‘pants’ | |
| stekən | ‘sock’ – from Chinook Jargon from English stocking | Requested file could not be found (error code 404). Verify the file URL specified in the shortcode. |
| t̓ᶿqʷal̓əcaʔ | ‘glove’ | |
| qʷłey̓xən | ‘shoe’ | |
| swetə | ‘sweater’ – from English | |
| telə | ‘money’ – from Chinook Jargon from English dollar | |
| šxʷtələʔélə | ‘purse’, ‘wallet’ | |
| šxʷtəl̓áləstən | ‘eyeglasses’ | |
| sxeləmcəs | ‘ring’ | |
| st̓ᶿam̓əcən | ‘bracelet’ | |
| sc̓q̓ʷən̓ə | ‘earring’ | |
| q̓əw̓ə | ‘cane’ | |
| ləklí | ‘key’ – from Chinook |
2.3 Grammar: Determiners.
Nouns in Hən̓q̓əmín̓əm̓ are preceded by determiners.
The determiner tə refers to something that is in view.
The determiner kʷθə refers to something this is out of sight.
| tə pukʷ | ‘the book (visible)’ | |
| kʷθə pukʷ | ‘the book (out of sight)’ | |
| tə ləklí | ‘the key (visible)’ | |
| kʷθə ləklí | ‘the key (out of sight)’ |
2.4 Expressing possession.
| nə | ‘my’ | ct | ‘our’ |
| -ən̓ | ‘your’ | -ən̓ … -ələp | ‘your (plural)’ |
| -s | ‘his, her, its, their’ |
| tə nə telə | ‘my money’ |
| (Some speakers coalesce tə and nə to tən.) | |
| tən̓ telə | ‘your money’ |
| tə teləs | ‘his/her money’ |
| tə teləct | ‘our money’ |
| tən̓ teləʔələp | ‘your (plural) money’ |
| tə teləs | ‘their money’ |
| kʷθə nə snəxʷəł | ‘my canoe (out of sight)’ |
| kʷθəθ snəxʷəł | ‘your canoe (out of sight)’ |
| (Some speakers change -n̓ to θ if the possessed noun starts with s. In this case the s can be deleted. Other speakers say ʔəs or simply ʔə before a noun starting with s.) | |
| kʷθə snəxʷəłs | ‘his/her canoe (out of sight)’ |
| kʷθə snəxʷəłct | ‘our canoe (out of sight)’ |
| kʷθəθ snəxʷəłələp | ‘your (pl) canoe (out of sight)’ |
| kʷθə snəxʷəłs | ‘their canoe (out of sight)’ |
HOMEWORK 2: Possession
A. Complete the sentence.
| 1. | ʔi ʔi ʔə təʔí ___________________. | ‘Here is my coat.’ |
| 2. | ʔi ʔi ʔə təʔí ___________________. | ‘Here is your hat.’ |
| 3. | ʔi ʔi ʔə təʔí ___________________. | ‘Here is his shoe.’ |
| 4. | ʔi ʔi ʔə təʔí ___________________. | ‘Here is your (pl) money.’ |
| 5. | ʔi ʔi ʔə təʔí ___________________. | ‘Here is our canoe.’ |
| 6. | ʔi ʔi ʔə təʔí ___________________. | ‘Here is her ring.’ |
B. Complete the question.
| 1. | ni ʔənəcə ______________________? | ‘Where is my bracelet?’ |
| 2. | ni ʔənəcə ______________________? | ‘Where is her book?’ |
| 3. | ni ʔənəcə ______________________? | ‘Where is your (pl) table?’ |
| 4. | ni ʔənəcə ______________________? | ‘Where is your sock?’ |
| 5. | ni ʔənəcə ______________________? | ‘Where is our money?’ |
| 6. | ni ʔənəcə ______________________? | ‘Where is his wallet?’ |
C. Translate.
- Where are my gloves?
- Here is your cane.
- Where is the clock?
- Your clothes are over there.
2.5 Vocabulary: locations.
| sən̓íw̓ | ‘in’ | |
| sc̓əc̓éʔ | ‘on’ | |
| siʔq | ‘under’ | |
| sƛ̓pal̓weʔł | ‘underneath (with weight bearing down)’ | |
| słal̓weʔł | ‘above’, ‘up on top’ | |
| stətés | ‘next to’, ‘near’ |
2.6 Expressing locations.
The verb of location can be followed by the noun phrase being talked about and then the location. The location is preceded by the preposition ʔə.
| sən̓íw̓ tə x̌əl̓tən ʔə tə k̓ʷaxʷaʔ. | ‘The pencil is inside the box.’ | |
| sc̓əc̓éʔ tə ləklí ʔə tə lətém. | ‘The key is on the table.’ | |
| siʔq tən̓ šxʷtələʔélə ʔə tə šxʷc̓eʔənctən. | ‘Your purse is under the chair.’ |
The opposite word order is also possible: the preposition plus noun phrase expressing location can precede the noun phrase.
| sən̓íw̓ ʔə tə k̓ʷaxʷaʔ tə x̌əl̓tən. | ‘The pencil is inside the box.’ |
| sc̓əc̓éʔ ʔə tə lətém tə ləklí. | ‘The key is on the table.’ |
| siʔq ʔə tə šxʷc̓eʔənctən tən̓ šxʷtələʔélə. | ‘Your purse is under the chair.’ |
HOMEWORK 3: Location
A. Translate.
| 1. | sən̓íw̓ kʷθə x̌əl̓tən ʔə tə pukʷ. |
| 2. | siʔq kʷθən̓ yasaʔqʷ ʔə tə lətém. |
| 3. | sƛ̓pal̓weʔł kʷθə ləklí ʔə tən̓ kəpú. |
| 4. | Your earring is in my purse. |
| 5. | Your glasses are in the car. |
| 6. | Your bracelet is under your sweater. |
B. Answer and translate (both the question and the answer).
| 1. | ni ʔənəcə kʷθən̓ qʷłey̓xən? |
| 2. | ni ʔənəcə kʷθə pukʷs? |
| 3. | ni ʔənəcə kʷθə nə šƛ̓piw̓ən̓? |
| 4. | ni ʔənəcə kʷθən̓ pipə? |