Creature Questions
Expressing person marking in Hən̓q̓əmin̓əm
| |
1st person singular |
2nd person singular |
| emphatic |
ʔe:nθə/ʔənθə |
nəwə |
| eaning subject |
cən |
čxʷ |
| ptem: |
question |
| nəwə ʔaʔa wet? |
Who are you? |
| (nəwaʔa or nəwa•) |
(natural speech contraction) |
| xʷətəlqən: |
answer |
| • ʔe:nθə yəxʷəleʔ. |
I eagle. |
| ptem: |
question |
| nəwe ʔə yəxʷəleʔ? |
Are you eagle? |
| nəwə + ʔə = nəwe ʔə] ʔə = yes/no question |
|
| xʷətəlqən: |
answer |
| • heʔe, yəxʷəleʔ cən m̓ə. |
Yes, I’m indeed eagle. |
| • ʔəwə, sqʷəmeyʔ cən. |
No, I’m dog. |
| ptem: |
question |
| yəxʷəleʔ ʔə čxʷ? |
Are you eagle? |
| xʷətəlqən: |
answer |
| • heʔe, yəxʷəleʔ cən m̓ə. |
Yes, I’m indeed eagle. |
| • ʔəwə, sqʷəmeyʔ cən. |
No, I’m dog. |
NEGATIVES
To make a negative you have to use TWO subject markers at once.
| |
1st person singular |
2nd person singular |
| subject clitic (leaning) |
cən |
čxʷ |
| subject suffix |
=e:n ~ =ən |
=əxʷ |
| yəxʷəleʔ cən. |
I’m eagle. |
| ʔəwə cən yəxʷəleʔen. |
I’m not eagle. |
| yəxʷəleʔ čxʷ. |
You are eagle. |
| ʔəwə čxʷ yəxʷəleʔəxʷ. |
You are not eagle. |
| [ʔəwə + ʔə = ʔəwe ʔə ] |
[phonological strategy to avoid two ə ] |
| ʔəwe ʔə čxʷ yəxʷəleʔəxʷ? |
Aren’t you eagle? |
| • heʔe, yəxʷəleʔ cən. |
Yes, I’m eagle. |
| • ʔəwə cən yəxʷəleʔen. |
No, I’m not eagle. |
| • sqʷəmeyʔ cən m̓ə. |
I am dog. |
ORDER OF CLITICS (second position clitics)
| Question |
Person marker |
Certain |
| ʔə |
cən, čxʷ, etc. |
m̓ə |
Download: Creature Questions: Practicing pronouns
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